Gem County vs. Idaho
Comparative Trends Analysis:
Total Employment Growth and Change, 1969-2022
Introduction
Gem County vs. Idaho
Gem County:
2022 Jobs = 8,305
2022 Percent of State = 0.70%
Idaho:
2022 Jobs = 1,190,624
2022 Percent of U.S. = 0.56%
Employment numbers remain the most popular and frequently cited statistics used for tracking local area economic conditions and trends. The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) employment estimates reported measure the number of full- and part-time wage and salary employees, plus the number of proprietors of unincorporated businesses. People holding more than one job are counted in the employment estimates for each job they hold. This means BEA employment estimates represent a job count, not a people count. Also, BEA employment is by place-of-work, rather than by place-of-residence. Jobs held by neighboring county residents who commute to Gem County to work are included in the employment count for Gem County.
Data Definition:
The BEA employment series for states and local areas comprises estimates of the number of jobs, full-time plus part-time, by place of work. Full-time and part-time jobs are counted at equal weight. Employees, sole proprietors, and active partners are included, but unpaid family workers and volunteers are not included. Proprietors employment consists of the number of sole proprietorships and the number of partners in partnerships. The description "by place of work" applies to the wage and salary portion of the series and, with relatively little error, to the entire series. The proprietors employment portion of the series, however, is more nearly by place of residence because, for nonfarm sole proprietorships, the estimates are based on IRS tax data that reflect the address from which the proprietor's individual tax return is filed, which is usually the proprietor's residence. The nonfarm partnership portion of the proprietors employment series reflects the tax-filing address of the partnership, which may be either the residence of one of the partners or the business address of the partnership. The employment estimates are designed to be consistent with the estimates of wages and salaries and proprietors' income that are part of the personal income series. The employment estimates are based on the same sets of source data as the corresponding earnings estimates and are prepared with parallel methodologies. Two forms of proprietors' income-the income of limited partnerships and the income of tax-exempt cooperatives-have no corresponding employment estimates.
Total Employment, 1969-2022
Total Employment, 1969-2022
Figure 1.
Figure 1 tracks Gem County's annual total employment for the period 1969-2022 to illustrate total employment patterns over time. During this 54-year period, Gem County's total employment rose from 3,853 in 1969 to 8,305 in 2022, for a net gain of 4,452, or 115.55%.
Total Employment, 1969-2022
Total Employment, 1969-2022
Figure 2.
Figure 2 tracks Idaho's annual total employment for the period 1969-2022 to illustrate total employment patterns over time. During this 54-year period, Idaho's total employment rose from 315,337 in 1969 to 1,190,624 in 2022, for a net gain of 875,287, or 277.57%.
Total Employment Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Total Employment Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Figure 3.
Figure 3 shows Gem County's total employment growth in a broader context by offering direct comparisons across time with Idaho, the United States. The growth indices shown here express each region's total employment in 1969 as a base figure of 100, and the total employments in later years as a percentage of the 1969 base figure. This method allows for more direct comparison of differences in total employment growth between regions that may differ vastly in size.
Gem County's overall total employment growth was 115.55% over 1969-2022 trailed Idaho's increase of 277.57%, and fell below the United States' increase of 133.32%.
Total Employment as a Percent of the Idaho Total: 1969-2022
Total Employment as a Percent of the Idaho Total: 1969-2022
Figure 4.
Another interesting and insightful way of highlighting the total employment growth of Gem County is to compare its individual percentage contributions to Idaho's statewide total employment over time, as shown in Figure 4. A rising share means a region's total employment grew faster, or declined less, than Idaho's total employment, while a declining share shows it grew more slowly.
In 1969, Gem County's total employment comprised 1.22% of Idaho's total employment, while in 2022 it totaled 0.70% thereby yielding a -0.52% share-shift.
   
 
Total Employment Share-Shift
2022 vs. 1969
 
Share-
Shift*
 
2022
vs.
1969
-0.52%
=
0.70%
-
1.22%
 
   
Gem County Total Employment:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Gem County Total Employment:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Figure 5.
Figure 5 highlights the short-run pattern of Gem County's total employment growth by tracking the year-to-year percent change over 1970-2022. The average annual percent change for the entire 53-year period is also illustrated on this chart to provide a benchmark for gauging periods of relative high--and relative low--growth against the backdrop of the long-term average.
On average, Gem County's total employment grew at an annual rate of 1.51% over 1970-2022. The county posted its highest growth in 1976 (11.59%) and recorded its lowest growth in 1985 (-4.74%). In 2022, Gem County's total employment grew by 5.42%
Gem County Total Employment:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Gem County Total Employment:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Figure 6.
Over the past five decades some counties have experienced extreme swings in growth, and often such swings have tended to coincide with the decades themselves. Figure 6 again shows the annual percent change in Gem County's total employment since 1970, but this time they are displayed with average growth rates for the decade of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020-2022.
During the 1970s, Gem County's annual total employment growth rate averaged 1.73%. It averaged -0.35% in the 1980s, 2.81% in the 1990s, 0.99% throughout the 2000s, 1.44% throughout the 2010s, 4.66% thus far this decade (2020-2022).
Total Employment Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Total Employment Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Figure 7.
Figure 7 compares the decade average growth rates for Gem County noted in the previous graph with the corresponding decade averages for Idaho and the nation. As the chart reveals, Gem County's average annual total employment growth posted below Idaho's average throughout the 1970s (1.73% vs. 4.05%), lagged Idaho's average throughout the 1980s (-0.35% vs. 1.16%), trailed Idaho's average during the 1990s (2.81% vs. 3.60%), recorded under Idaho's average during the 2000s (0.99% vs. 1.69%), trailed Idaho's average during the 2010s (1.44% vs. 1.92%), and registered above Idaho's average over the 3 year period of the current decade, 2020-2022 (4.66% vs. 3.85%).
Finally, relative to nationwide total employment growth trends, Gem County trailed the nation throughout the 1970s (1.73% vs. 2.21%), trailed the nation in the 1980s (-0.35% vs. 1.88%), surpassed the nation over the 1990s (2.81% vs. 1.73%), exceeded the nation in the 2000s (0.99% vs. 0.74%), posted below the nation throughout the 2010s (1.44% vs. 1.51%), and outpaced the nation over 2020-2022 (4.66% vs. 1.82%).
   
 
Total Employment Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change
 
 
 
1.51
1.73
-0.35
2.81
0.99
1.44
4.66
5.42
 
2.56
4.05
1.16
3.60
1.69
1.92
3.85
4.66
 
1.62
2.21
1.88
1.73
0.74
1.51
1.82
4.78
 
   
Job Ratios (Employment/Population): 1969-2022
Job Ratios (Employment/Population): 1969-2022
Figure 8.
The job ratios shown in Figure 8 for Gem County, Idaho and the nation not only portray a number of important trends, they also serves as a thumbnail guide to evaluating an economy's capacity to generate enough jobs fast enough to absorb the increasing number of workers attendant to a growing population. The job ratio is the number of full-time and part-time jobs by place of work, divided by population.
Nationally, the job ratio rose from 0.45 to 0.64 between 1969 and 2022. Gem County's job ratio registered 0.41 in 1969, and 0.41 in 2022. Underlying the rising job ratio over the past several decades have been the increases in the labor force participation rates, with the number and proportion of women in the labor market playing a leading role.
An assortment of other factors can contribute to regional differences in the job ratio. They include differences in the proportion of elderly and retirees who no longer work and participate in the labor force, differences in the number and proportion of part-time vs. full-time workers, differences in industry composition, and differences in age and sex distribution and degree of urbanization. Also, a disproportionate number of workers commuting to work outside a county tends to lower its local county job ratio, while a net inflow of workers commuting to work inside the county tends to augment its local county job ratio.
Avoid interpreting the job ratio as the fraction (or percent) of the local population employed. This interpretation should only apply to the "employment-population ratio" statistic compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from the Current Population Survey (CPS).
Job Ratios (Employment/Population)
as a Percent of the U.S. Average:
1969-2022
Job Ratios (Employment/Population)
as a Percent of the U.S. Average:
1969-2022
Figure 9.
To highlight trends in a local job ratio relative to nationwide trends, Figure 9 tracks Gem County's, Idaho's job ratio as a percent of the national job ratio over 1969-2022.

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Gem County:
Total Employment, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,853
100.0
N
1.22
0.41
91.45
1970
 
3,964
102.9
2.88
1.22
0.42
93.54
1971
 
3,892
101.0
-1.82
1.17
0.40
90.26
1972
 
3,950
102.5
1.49
1.14
0.39
86.93
1973
 
4,050
105.1
2.53
1.11
0.40
85.52
1974
 
3,938
102.2
-2.77
1.03
0.37
79.23
1975
 
3,830
99.4
-2.74
0.97
0.36
78.23
1976
 
4,274
110.9
11.59
1.02
0.39
83.88
1977
 
4,311
111.9
0.87
0.99
0.39
81.32
1978
 
4,692
121.8
8.84
1.02
0.42
84.37
1979
 
4,523
117.4
-3.60
0.96
0.38
76.40
1980
 
4,377
113.6
-3.23
0.94
0.37
72.91
1981
 
4,469
116.0
2.10
0.97
0.37
74.78
1982
 
4,364
113.3
-2.35
0.97
0.37
75.13
1983
 
4,427
114.9
1.44
0.96
0.38
76.69
1984
 
4,325
112.3
-2.30
0.92
0.36
71.12
1985
 
4,120
106.9
-4.74
0.87
0.35
67.17
1986
 
4,053
105.2
-1.63
0.86
0.35
66.44
1987
 
4,107
106.6
1.33
0.84
0.36
67.30
1988
 
4,214
109.4
2.61
0.83
0.37
66.83
1989
 
4,352
113.0
3.27
0.83
0.38
68.43
1990
 
4,496
116.7
3.31
0.82
0.38
67.97
1991
 
4,593
119.2
2.16
0.81
0.37
68.83
1992
 
4,667
121.1
1.61
0.80
0.37
68.76
1993
 
4,891
126.9
4.80
0.80
0.37
68.86
1994
 
5,089
132.1
4.05
0.79
0.38
68.92
1995
 
5,352
138.9
5.17
0.80
0.39
69.85
1996
 
5,496
142.6
2.69
0.80
0.39
69.75
1997
 
5,608
145.5
2.04
0.79
0.39
68.60
1998
 
5,747
149.2
2.48
0.78
0.39
67.58
1999
 
5,738
148.9
-0.16
0.77
0.38
65.85
2000
 
5,927
153.8
3.29
0.76
0.39
66.47
2001
 
5,836
151.5
-1.54
0.74
0.38
65.27
2002
 
5,691
147.7
-2.48
0.72
0.37
64.02
2003
 
5,604
145.4
-1.53
0.70
0.36
62.44
2004
 
5,845
151.7
4.30
0.71
0.37
63.65
2005
 
6,246
162.1
6.86
0.72
0.38
65.69
2006
 
6,605
171.4
5.75
0.73
0.40
67.38
2007
 
6,637
172.3
0.48
0.71
0.39
66.15
2008
 
6,572
170.6
-0.98
0.71
0.39
65.83
2009
 
6,295
163.4
-4.21
0.71
0.37
66.16
2010
 
6,223
161.5
-1.14
0.72
0.37
66.68
2011
 
6,129
159.1
-1.51
0.70
0.37
64.77
2012
 
6,108
158.5
-0.34
0.69
0.36
64.06
2013
 
6,287
163.2
2.93
0.70
0.38
65.25
2014
 
6,407
166.3
1.91
0.69
0.38
65.10
2015
 
6,680
173.4
4.26
0.70
0.39
66.59
2016
 
6,909
179.3
3.43
0.71
0.40
66.92
2017
 
7,169
186.1
3.76
0.71
0.40
67.29
2018
 
7,082
183.8
-1.21
0.68
0.39
64.37
2019
 
7,246
188.1
2.32
0.68
0.39
63.58
2020
 
7,421
192.6
2.42
0.69
0.39
65.36
2021
 
7,878
204.5
6.16
0.69
0.40
65.05
2022
 
8,305
215.5
5.42
0.70
0.41
63.81
Source: Calculations by the Idaho Regional Economic Analysis Project (ID-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_1000_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Idaho:
Total Employment, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
315,337
100.0
N
0.35
0.45
98.61
1970
 
324,150
102.8
2.79
0.36
0.45
100.90
1971
 
332,158
105.3
2.47
0.36
0.45
101.54
1972
 
346,866
110.0
4.43
0.37
0.45
100.85
1973
 
365,091
115.8
5.25
0.37
0.47
100.24
1974
 
381,309
120.9
4.44
0.38
0.47
100.57
1975
 
393,178
124.7
3.11
0.40
0.47
102.95
1976
 
419,224
132.9
6.62
0.41
0.49
104.76
1977
 
434,655
137.8
3.68
0.41
0.49
102.93
1978
 
459,904
145.8
5.81
0.42
0.50
102.23
1979
 
468,736
148.6
1.92
0.41
0.50
99.75
1980
 
464,366
147.3
-0.93
0.41
0.49
97.65
1981
 
461,502
146.4
-0.62
0.40
0.48
95.77
1982
 
451,634
143.2
-2.14
0.40
0.46
94.12
1983
 
462,543
146.7
2.42
0.40
0.47
95.24
1984
 
472,247
149.8
2.10
0.39
0.48
93.25
1985
 
473,734
150.2
0.31
0.38
0.48
91.59
1986
 
473,569
150.2
-0.03
0.38
0.48
90.98
1987
 
487,369
154.6
2.91
0.38
0.49
92.54
1988
 
508,352
161.2
4.31
0.38
0.52
94.41
1989
 
524,961
166.5
3.27
0.39
0.53
95.68
1990
 
548,397
173.9
4.46
0.40
0.54
97.75
1991
 
565,996
179.5
3.21
0.41
0.54
99.92
1992
 
585,584
185.7
3.46
0.42
0.55
101.45
1993
 
611,603
194.0
4.44
0.43
0.55
101.85
1994
 
646,775
205.1
5.75
0.45
0.56
103.06
1995
 
667,062
211.5
3.14
0.45
0.57
102.00
1996
 
688,744
218.4
3.25
0.46
0.57
102.10
1997
 
708,389
224.6
2.85
0.46
0.58
101.73
1998
 
732,684
232.3
3.43
0.46
0.59
101.84
1999
 
747,188
236.9
1.98
0.46
0.59
101.18
2000
 
776,910
246.4
3.98
0.47
0.60
102.01
2001
 
783,399
248.4
0.84
0.47
0.59
102.18
2002
 
791,317
250.9
1.01
0.48
0.59
102.85
2003
 
800,916
254.0
1.21
0.48
0.59
102.71
2004
 
825,332
261.7
3.05
0.49
0.59
102.84
2005
 
861,531
273.2
4.39
0.50
0.60
103.44
2006
 
899,836
285.4
4.45
0.51
0.61
103.95
2007
 
929,492
294.8
3.30
0.52
0.62
103.61
2008
 
921,093
292.1
-0.90
0.51
0.60
101.86
2009
 
880,489
279.2
-4.41
0.51
0.57
100.07
2010
 
868,683
275.5
-1.34
0.50
0.55
98.92
2011
 
878,537
278.6
1.13
0.50
0.55
98.06
2012
 
883,162
280.1
0.53
0.49
0.55
96.94
2013
 
903,016
286.4
2.25
0.50
0.56
96.95
2014
 
925,548
293.5
2.50
0.50
0.56
96.74
2015
 
949,392
301.1
2.58
0.50
0.57
96.57
2016
 
976,719
309.7
2.88
0.50
0.58
96.57
2017
 
1,007,831
319.6
3.19
0.51
0.58
96.66
2018
 
1,041,387
330.2
3.33
0.52
0.59
96.58
2019
 
1,063,687
337.3
2.14
0.53
0.59
96.35
2020
 
1,077,864
341.8
1.33
0.55
0.58
98.95
2021
 
1,137,618
360.8
5.54
0.56
0.60
97.83
2022
 
1,190,624
377.6
4.66
0.56
0.61
96.33
Source: Calculations by the Idaho Regional Economic Analysis Project (ID-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_1000_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
United States:
Total Employment, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
91,053,200
100.0
N
0.45
1970
 
91,277,600
100.2
0.25
0.45
1971
 
91,581,400
100.6
0.33
0.44
1972
 
94,312,200
103.6
2.98
0.45
1973
 
98,427,500
108.1
4.36
0.47
1974
 
100,111,800
109.9
1.71
0.47
1975
 
98,900,600
108.6
-1.21
0.46
1976
 
101,591,200
111.6
2.72
0.47
1977
 
105,042,200
115.4
3.40
0.48
1978
 
109,686,600
120.5
4.42
0.49
1979
 
113,147,100
124.3
3.15
0.50
1980
 
113,983,200
125.2
0.74
0.50
1981
 
114,914,000
126.2
0.82
0.50
1982
 
114,163,300
125.4
-0.65
0.49
1983
 
115,645,700
127.0
1.30
0.49
1984
 
120,528,100
132.4
4.22
0.51
1985
 
123,796,700
136.0
2.71
0.52
1986
 
126,232,300
138.6
1.97
0.53
1987
 
129,548,400
142.3
2.63
0.53
1988
 
133,563,900
146.7
3.10
0.55
1989
 
136,177,800
149.6
1.96
0.55
1990
 
138,330,900
151.9
1.58
0.55
1991
 
137,612,800
151.1
-0.52
0.54
1992
 
138,166,100
151.7
0.40
0.54
1993
 
140,774,400
154.6
1.89
0.54
1994
 
144,196,600
158.4
2.43
0.55
1995
 
147,915,800
162.4
2.58
0.56
1996
 
151,056,200
165.9
2.12
0.56
1997
 
154,541,200
169.7
2.31
0.57
1998
 
158,481,200
174.1
2.55
0.57
1999
 
161,531,300
177.4
1.92
0.58
2000
 
165,370,800
181.6
2.38
0.59
2001
 
165,522,200
181.8
0.09
0.58
2002
 
165,095,100
181.3
-0.26
0.57
2003
 
165,921,500
182.2
0.50
0.57
2004
 
168,839,700
185.4
1.76
0.58
2005
 
172,338,400
189.3
2.07
0.58
2006
 
175,868,600
193.1
2.05
0.59
2007
 
179,543,700
197.2
2.09
0.60
2008
 
179,213,900
196.8
-0.18
0.59
2009
 
173,636,700
190.7
-3.11
0.57
2010
 
172,901,700
189.9
-0.42
0.56
2011
 
176,091,700
193.4
1.84
0.56
2012
 
178,979,700
196.6
1.64
0.57
2013
 
182,328,100
200.2
1.87
0.58
2014
 
186,239,800
204.5
2.15
0.58
2015
 
190,325,800
209.0
2.19
0.59
2016
 
193,425,900
212.4
1.63
0.60
2017
 
196,394,100
215.7
1.53
0.60
2018
 
200,292,200
220.0
1.98
0.61
2019
 
201,635,200
221.4
0.67
0.61
2020
 
195,286,600
214.5
-3.15
0.59
2021
 
202,752,100
222.7
3.82
0.61
2022
 
212,442,000
233.3
4.78
0.64
Source: Calculations by the Idaho Regional Economic Analysis Project (ID-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_1000_PN
 
   
Copyright © 2023. Pacific Northwest Regional Economic Analysis Project (PNREAP). All Rights Reserved.

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